Key Ideas:
Context - The Enlightenment and 18th in Northern Europe:
Academies
salon
Enlightenment
Neo Classicism
Rococo
1. The Enlightenment:
- great advances in the pure and natural sciences; the decline of the Church
- The writings of Rousseau, Locke, Diderot, Voltaire, Kant, and Wickelmann
- Thinking about the world, independent of religion, myth, or tradition
2. Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution:
- begins with the invention of the steam engine and electricity
3. Exploration of the new world:
- and the emergence of Britain as the dominant maritime power
4. Colonialism:
- the beginning of the colonization of Africa, India, and the South Seas
Context - Europe and France: Romanticism, 1830 - France, England, America
The sublime
mysticism (pertaining to art)
Romanticism
Gothic (pertaining to Romanticism)
gothic sensibility
1. Revolution - and social unrest of the 19th century (in France in particular):
1. Greek War of Independence - cause celebre for Europeans (the English poet Byron)
2. Napoleon’s invasion of Spain - the atrocities of was (Goya)
3. July Revolution 1830 - (France) overthrowing the Bourbon monarchy - Louis
Philippe - constitutional monarch
4. 1848 September Revolution - (France) overthrow of Louis Philippe’s government
2. Nature - Rousseau’s writings - “back to nature” - the soul in union with the natural world
- the concept that nature was a mystical experience - for Goethe, “The living garment of God”
3. Sturm and Drang - Goethe’s writings - “Felling is all!” - emotional reality trumps the intellect
- “Without daring - extreme daring - there is no beauty. I do not love reasonable painting” - Delecroix
4. Exoticism - Gothic novels and writings of Poe, Hugo, and Scott
- for the romantics, the gothic sensibility was something mystical, weird, and fantastic
Rococo, less commonly roccoco, or "Late Baroque", is a highly ornamental and theatrical style of decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colors, sculpted molding, and trompe l'oeil frescoes to create the illusions of surprise, motion and drama. Wikipedia
Began approximately: 1730
(the start of the Enlightenment)Neoclassicism is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of classical antiquity. Wikipedia
ARTWORKS:
The Enlightenment
101. The Swing, Jean Honoré Fragonard
98. The Tete a Tete (from Marriage a la Mode), William Hogarth
100. A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery, Joseph Wright of Derby
NEOCLASSICISM
103. The Oath of the Horatii, Jacques-Louis David
105. Self Portrait, Elisabeth Louise Vigee Le Brun
107. Le Grande Odalisque, Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
102. Monticello, Thomas Jefferson
104. George Washington, Jean-Antoine Houdon
ROMANTICISM
106. And There's Nothing to Be Done (Y no hai remedio), Francisco de Goya
* The Third of May 1808, Francisco de Goya
* Raft of the Medusa, Théodore Géricault
108. Liberty Leading the People, Eugene Delacroix
111. Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On), Joseph Mallord William Turner
* The Haywain, John constable
109. The Oxbow, Thomas Cole
* Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California, Albert Bierstadt
* Twilight in the Wilderness, Frederic Church
112. Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament)
Context - The Enlightenment and 18th in Northern Europe:
Academies
salon
Enlightenment
Neo Classicism
Rococo
1. The Enlightenment:
- great advances in the pure and natural sciences; the decline of the Church
- The writings of Rousseau, Locke, Diderot, Voltaire, Kant, and Wickelmann
- Thinking about the world, independent of religion, myth, or tradition
2. Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution:
- begins with the invention of the steam engine and electricity
3. Exploration of the new world:
- and the emergence of Britain as the dominant maritime power
4. Colonialism:
- the beginning of the colonization of Africa, India, and the South Seas
Context - Europe and France: Romanticism, 1830 - France, England, America
The sublime
mysticism (pertaining to art)
Romanticism
Gothic (pertaining to Romanticism)
gothic sensibility
1. Revolution - and social unrest of the 19th century (in France in particular):
1. Greek War of Independence - cause celebre for Europeans (the English poet Byron)
2. Napoleon’s invasion of Spain - the atrocities of was (Goya)
3. July Revolution 1830 - (France) overthrowing the Bourbon monarchy - Louis
Philippe - constitutional monarch
4. 1848 September Revolution - (France) overthrow of Louis Philippe’s government
2. Nature - Rousseau’s writings - “back to nature” - the soul in union with the natural world
- the concept that nature was a mystical experience - for Goethe, “The living garment of God”
3. Sturm and Drang - Goethe’s writings - “Felling is all!” - emotional reality trumps the intellect
- “Without daring - extreme daring - there is no beauty. I do not love reasonable painting” - Delecroix
4. Exoticism - Gothic novels and writings of Poe, Hugo, and Scott
- for the romantics, the gothic sensibility was something mystical, weird, and fantastic
Rococo, less commonly roccoco, or "Late Baroque", is a highly ornamental and theatrical style of decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colors, sculpted molding, and trompe l'oeil frescoes to create the illusions of surprise, motion and drama. Wikipedia
Began approximately: 1730
- 1700-1750
- Shift of power to the aristocrats paralleled in Baroque and Rococo.
- French Royal Academy set the taste for art in Paris
- Strong Satirical paintings
- Epitome: paintings that show aristocratic people enjoying leisures
- Rococo comes from the French words rocaille and coquilles. Rocaillemeans stone and coquilles means shells. So "rococo" is a combination of the two French words, thus meaning "stone shells".AP
(the start of the Enlightenment)Neoclassicism is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of classical antiquity. Wikipedia
- 1750-1815
- Enlightenment brought about the rejection of royal and aristocratic authority
- Supported by Napoleon in order to associated himself with the successes of the Ancient Roman's Empire.
- Jacques-Louis David becomes First Painter of Napoleon
- Neoclassical art was more democratic- themes of courage and patriotism, civil duty
- Current events depicted have classical influences
- Late 18th century = Industrial Revolution (cast iron, and carvings from bronze is cheaper than carving marble- Coalbrookedale Bridge)
- P.I.N.E. (Past, Irrational/inner-mind, Nature, Exotic/Emotional)
- Early- mid 19th century
- Grande Odalisque is a transition painting
- Influenced by a sense of individuality and freedom of expression
- Exploration of the subconscious and dreams/nightmares
- Feelings/emotions and imagination over reason
- Landscapes express the Romantic theme of the soul + the natural world
- Introduction of Photography
- Revival of Medieval architecture (Houses of Parliament)
ARTWORKS:
The Enlightenment
101. The Swing, Jean Honoré Fragonard
98. The Tete a Tete (from Marriage a la Mode), William Hogarth
100. A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery, Joseph Wright of Derby
NEOCLASSICISM
103. The Oath of the Horatii, Jacques-Louis David
105. Self Portrait, Elisabeth Louise Vigee Le Brun
107. Le Grande Odalisque, Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
102. Monticello, Thomas Jefferson
104. George Washington, Jean-Antoine Houdon
ROMANTICISM
106. And There's Nothing to Be Done (Y no hai remedio), Francisco de Goya
* The Third of May 1808, Francisco de Goya
* Raft of the Medusa, Théodore Géricault
108. Liberty Leading the People, Eugene Delacroix
111. Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On), Joseph Mallord William Turner
* The Haywain, John constable
109. The Oxbow, Thomas Cole
* Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California, Albert Bierstadt
* Twilight in the Wilderness, Frederic Church
112. Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament)
Assignments:
Add the Artworks listed to your flash cards, and read Chapter 28 in Gardener's.
Add the Artworks listed to your flash cards, and read Chapter 28 in Gardener's.
This website is based upon work supported by:
Dr. Robert Croad for workshops, resources and time -
Marsha Russell for your generosity in sharing materials and knowledge -
and to Valerie Park for your AP Art History web site that this website is based upon.
Dr. Robert Croad for workshops, resources and time -
Marsha Russell for your generosity in sharing materials and knowledge -
and to Valerie Park for your AP Art History web site that this website is based upon.